# Copyright (c) 2010-2024 openpyxl
"""Workbook is the top-level container for all document information."""
from copy import copy
from openpyxl.compat import deprecated
from openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet import Worksheet
from openpyxl.worksheet._read_only import ReadOnlyWorksheet
from openpyxl.worksheet._write_only import WriteOnlyWorksheet
from openpyxl.worksheet.copier import WorksheetCopy
from openpyxl.utils import quote_sheetname
from openpyxl.utils.indexed_list import IndexedList
from openpyxl.utils.datetime import WINDOWS_EPOCH, MAC_EPOCH
from openpyxl.utils.exceptions import ReadOnlyWorkbookException
from openpyxl.writer.excel import save_workbook
from openpyxl.styles.cell_style import StyleArray
from openpyxl.styles.named_styles import NamedStyle
from openpyxl.styles.differential import DifferentialStyleList
from openpyxl.styles.alignment import Alignment
from openpyxl.styles.borders import DEFAULT_BORDER
from openpyxl.styles.fills import DEFAULT_EMPTY_FILL, DEFAULT_GRAY_FILL
from openpyxl.styles.fonts import DEFAULT_FONT
from openpyxl.styles.protection import Protection
from openpyxl.styles.colors import COLOR_INDEX
from openpyxl.styles.named_styles import NamedStyleList
from openpyxl.styles.table import TableStyleList
from openpyxl.chartsheet import Chartsheet
from .defined_name import DefinedName, DefinedNameDict
from openpyxl.packaging.core import DocumentProperties
from openpyxl.packaging.custom import CustomPropertyList
from openpyxl.packaging.relationship import RelationshipList
from .child import _WorkbookChild
from .protection import DocumentSecurity
from .properties import CalcProperties
from .views import BookView
from openpyxl.xml.constants import (
XLSM,
XLSX,
XLTM,
XLTX
)
INTEGER_TYPES = (int,)
[docs]
class Workbook(object):
"""Workbook is the container for all other parts of the document."""
_read_only = False
_data_only = False
template = False
path = "/xl/workbook.xml"
def __init__(self,
write_only=False,
iso_dates=False,
):
self._sheets = []
self._pivots = []
self._active_sheet_index = 0
self.defined_names = DefinedNameDict()
self._external_links = []
self.properties = DocumentProperties()
self.custom_doc_props = CustomPropertyList()
self.security = DocumentSecurity()
self.__write_only = write_only
self.shared_strings = IndexedList()
self._setup_styles()
self.loaded_theme = None
self.vba_archive = None
self.is_template = False
self.code_name = None
self.epoch = WINDOWS_EPOCH
self.encoding = "utf-8"
self.iso_dates = iso_dates
if not self.write_only:
self._sheets.append(Worksheet(self))
self.rels = RelationshipList()
self.calculation = CalcProperties()
self.views = [BookView()]
def _setup_styles(self):
"""Bootstrap styles"""
self._fonts = IndexedList()
self._fonts.add(DEFAULT_FONT)
self._alignments = IndexedList([Alignment()])
self._borders = IndexedList()
self._borders.add(DEFAULT_BORDER)
self._fills = IndexedList()
self._fills.add(DEFAULT_EMPTY_FILL)
self._fills.add(DEFAULT_GRAY_FILL)
self._number_formats = IndexedList()
self._date_formats = {}
self._timedelta_formats = {}
self._protections = IndexedList([Protection()])
self._colors = COLOR_INDEX
self._cell_styles = IndexedList([StyleArray()])
self._named_styles = NamedStyleList()
self.add_named_style(NamedStyle(font=copy(DEFAULT_FONT), border=copy(DEFAULT_BORDER), builtinId=0))
self._table_styles = TableStyleList()
self._differential_styles = DifferentialStyleList()
@property
def epoch(self):
if self._epoch == WINDOWS_EPOCH:
return WINDOWS_EPOCH
return MAC_EPOCH
@epoch.setter
def epoch(self, value):
if value not in (WINDOWS_EPOCH, MAC_EPOCH):
raise ValueError("The epoch must be either 1900 or 1904")
self._epoch = value
@property
def read_only(self):
return self._read_only
@property
def data_only(self):
return self._data_only
@property
def write_only(self):
return self.__write_only
@property
def excel_base_date(self):
return self.epoch
@property
def active(self):
"""Get the currently active sheet or None
:type: :class:`openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet.Worksheet`
"""
try:
return self._sheets[self._active_sheet_index]
except IndexError:
pass
@active.setter
def active(self, value):
"""Set the active sheet"""
if not isinstance(value, (_WorkbookChild, INTEGER_TYPES)):
raise TypeError("Value must be either a worksheet, chartsheet or numerical index")
if isinstance(value, INTEGER_TYPES):
self._active_sheet_index = value
return
#if self._sheets and 0 <= value < len(self._sheets):
#value = self._sheets[value]
#else:
#raise ValueError("Sheet index is outside the range of possible values", value)
if value not in self._sheets:
raise ValueError("Worksheet is not in the workbook")
if value.sheet_state != "visible":
raise ValueError("Only visible sheets can be made active")
idx = self._sheets.index(value)
self._active_sheet_index = idx
[docs]
def create_sheet(self, title=None, index=None):
"""Create a worksheet (at an optional index).
:param title: optional title of the sheet
:type title: str
:param index: optional position at which the sheet will be inserted
:type index: int
"""
if self.read_only:
raise ReadOnlyWorkbookException('Cannot create new sheet in a read-only workbook')
if self.write_only :
new_ws = WriteOnlyWorksheet(parent=self, title=title)
else:
new_ws = Worksheet(parent=self, title=title)
self._add_sheet(sheet=new_ws, index=index)
return new_ws
def _add_sheet(self, sheet, index=None):
"""Add an worksheet (at an optional index)."""
if not isinstance(sheet, (Worksheet, WriteOnlyWorksheet, Chartsheet)):
raise TypeError("Cannot be added to a workbook")
if sheet.parent != self:
raise ValueError("You cannot add worksheets from another workbook.")
if index is None:
self._sheets.append(sheet)
else:
self._sheets.insert(index, sheet)
[docs]
def move_sheet(self, sheet, offset=0):
"""
Move a sheet or sheetname
"""
if not isinstance(sheet, Worksheet):
sheet = self[sheet]
idx = self._sheets.index(sheet)
del self._sheets[idx]
new_pos = idx + offset
self._sheets.insert(new_pos, sheet)
[docs]
def remove(self, worksheet):
"""Remove `worksheet` from this workbook."""
idx = self._sheets.index(worksheet)
self._sheets.remove(worksheet)
[docs]
@deprecated("Use wb.remove(worksheet) or del wb[sheetname]")
def remove_sheet(self, worksheet):
"""Remove `worksheet` from this workbook."""
self.remove(worksheet)
[docs]
def create_chartsheet(self, title=None, index=None):
if self.read_only:
raise ReadOnlyWorkbookException("Cannot create new sheet in a read-only workbook")
cs = Chartsheet(parent=self, title=title)
self._add_sheet(cs, index)
return cs
[docs]
@deprecated("Use wb[sheetname]")
def get_sheet_by_name(self, name):
"""Returns a worksheet by its name.
:param name: the name of the worksheet to look for
:type name: string
"""
return self[name]
def __contains__(self, key):
return key in self.sheetnames
[docs]
def index(self, worksheet):
"""Return the index of a worksheet."""
return self.worksheets.index(worksheet)
[docs]
@deprecated("Use wb.index(worksheet)")
def get_index(self, worksheet):
"""Return the index of the worksheet."""
return self.index(worksheet)
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""Returns a worksheet by its name.
:param name: the name of the worksheet to look for
:type name: string
"""
for sheet in self.worksheets + self.chartsheets:
if sheet.title == key:
return sheet
raise KeyError("Worksheet {0} does not exist.".format(key))
def __delitem__(self, key):
sheet = self[key]
self.remove(sheet)
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self.worksheets)
[docs]
@deprecated("Use wb.sheetnames")
def get_sheet_names(self):
return self.sheetnames
@property
def worksheets(self):
"""A list of sheets in this workbook
:type: list of :class:`openpyxl.worksheet.worksheet.Worksheet`
"""
return [s for s in self._sheets if isinstance(s, (Worksheet, ReadOnlyWorksheet, WriteOnlyWorksheet))]
@property
def chartsheets(self):
"""A list of Chartsheets in this workbook
:type: list of :class:`openpyxl.chartsheet.chartsheet.Chartsheet`
"""
return [s for s in self._sheets if isinstance(s, Chartsheet)]
@property
def sheetnames(self):
"""Returns the list of the names of worksheets in this workbook.
Names are returned in the worksheets order.
:type: list of strings
"""
return [s.title for s in self._sheets]
[docs]
@deprecated("Assign scoped named ranges directly to worksheets or global ones to the workbook. Deprecated in 3.1")
def create_named_range(self, name, worksheet=None, value=None, scope=None):
"""Create a new named_range on a worksheet
"""
defn = DefinedName(name=name)
if worksheet is not None:
defn.value = "{0}!{1}".format(quote_sheetname(worksheet.title), value)
else:
defn.value = value
self.defined_names[name] = defn
[docs]
def add_named_style(self, style):
"""
Add a named style
"""
self._named_styles.append(style)
style.bind(self)
@property
def named_styles(self):
"""
List available named styles
"""
return self._named_styles.names
@property
def mime_type(self):
"""
The mime type is determined by whether a workbook is a template or
not and whether it contains macros or not. Excel requires the file
extension to match but openpyxl does not enforce this.
"""
ct = self.template and XLTX or XLSX
if self.vba_archive:
ct = self.template and XLTM or XLSM
return ct
[docs]
def save(self, filename):
"""Save the current workbook under the given `filename`.
Use this function instead of using an `ExcelWriter`.
.. warning::
When creating your workbook using `write_only` set to True,
you will only be able to call this function once. Subsequent attempts to
modify or save the file will raise an :class:`openpyxl.shared.exc.WorkbookAlreadySaved` exception.
"""
if self.read_only:
raise TypeError("""Workbook is read-only""")
if self.write_only and not self.worksheets:
self.create_sheet()
save_workbook(self, filename)
@property
def style_names(self):
"""
List of named styles
"""
return [s.name for s in self._named_styles]
[docs]
def copy_worksheet(self, from_worksheet):
"""Copy an existing worksheet in the current workbook
.. warning::
This function cannot copy worksheets between workbooks.
worksheets can only be copied within the workbook that they belong
:param from_worksheet: the worksheet to be copied from
:return: copy of the initial worksheet
"""
if self.__write_only or self._read_only:
raise ValueError("Cannot copy worksheets in read-only or write-only mode")
new_title = u"{0} Copy".format(from_worksheet.title)
to_worksheet = self.create_sheet(title=new_title)
cp = WorksheetCopy(source_worksheet=from_worksheet, target_worksheet=to_worksheet)
cp.copy_worksheet()
return to_worksheet
[docs]
def close(self):
"""
Close workbook file if open. Only affects read-only and write-only modes.
"""
if hasattr(self, '_archive'):
self._archive.close()
def _duplicate_name(self, name):
"""
Check for duplicate name in defined name list and table list of each worksheet.
Names are not case sensitive.
"""
name = name.lower()
for sheet in self.worksheets:
for t in sheet.tables:
if name == t.lower():
return True
if name in self.defined_names:
return True
